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Automotive Industrial Membrane Systems Biological Systems |
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Introduction
Chemapan close corporation specializes in the "Science of phase separation and water remediation". The Founding Directors, Victor M. Lopes... |
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Commercial
Aquamedia is a wholly owned subsidiary of Chemapan. We cater mostly for Commercial Institutions eg Hotels and Resorts Aqua Media specializes in: ... |
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Biological Systems |
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Beverage Waste Water Treatment - Luanda - Angola  
There are two basic biological treatment processes: Aerobic (with oxygen) and Anaerobic (without oxygen). Aerobic Treatment is the process by which microorganisms use the waste's organic component, with oxygen, which produces cell growth and end products of carbon dioxide and water. The most popular is the activated sludge process which is commonly used for domestic and industrial wastewater. This process provides a high quality effluent and iscapable of reducing Biological Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) by 95%. The bacterial process oxidizes the soluble and suspended organic to carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen. The organic material is converted into new cells or used to support growth of existing cells. The excess of cells is sludge. Anaerobic Treatment is the process where microorganisms convert organic compounds to methane, carbon dioxide, cellular materials, and other organic compounds. The anaerobic process converts organic wastes to methane and carbon dioxide in the absence of air. Anaerobic treatment has the ability to perform the following decomposition: • Hydrolysis - A breakdown of suspended organic solids into soluble organic compounds. • Acetogenesis - A conversion of soluble organic to volatile fatty acids. • Methanogenesis - A conversion of the volatile fatty acids into methane.
• Bio systems need a high B.O.D. load to live on (at least 100 ppm). • Bacteria are pH and temperature sensitive. • Continuous circulation is required. • An oxidizing agent entering the system can kill the bacteria, thereby requiring a new start-up.
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Modular SAFF System The organic contents of the effluents are degraded by the attached growth population which absorbs these organic contents from the surrounding water film. Oxygen from the air diffuses through this liquid film and enters the biomass. As this organic matter grows, the biomass layer becomes thicker and eventually some of the inner portions of the biomass will be deprived of oxygen or nutrients and will separate from the support media over which a new layer will start to grow. The separation of biomass occurs in relatively large flocs which settle relatively quickly compared with suspended cells. Air circulates between the interstitial spaces of the supporting material. The media that can be used are beds of rocks (ranging in size from 5 to 10 cm) randomly packed, although regular packing of plastic material are becoming more common recently in view of its much lighter weight, better flow distribution, larger void space and specific area. With regard to the packing over which the biomass grows, the void fraction and the specific surface area are important features; the first is necessary to ensure a good circulation of air and the second to accommodate as much biomass as possible to degrade the organic load of the wastewater. Although initially more costly, the synthetic packing have larger void space, larger specific area and are lighter. Usually, the air circulates naturally, but in some high-strength wastewater forced ventilation is used. The need for recirculation is dictated by the strength of the wastewater and the rate of oxygen transfer to the biomass. Typically, recirculation is used when the BOD of the wastewater to be treated exceeds 500 mg/litre. The BOD removal efficiency varies with the organic load imposed but usually fluctuates between 45 and 70% for a single-stage filter. Removal efficiencies of up to 90% can be achieved in two stages.  Packaged SAFF System for Temane - Mozambique |
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Copyright 2007,
Chemapan.